面对突发求救 你是否也会冷眼旁观

【新唐人2016年04月29日讯】（新唐人记者水灵综合报导）不久前被人们评论的沸沸扬扬的北京和颐酒店求救事件，再次反映出了当今社会中人们对深处险境中求助者的冷漠态度。爱因斯坦曾说过这样一段话“The world will not be destroyed by those who do evil, but by those who watch them without doing anything”（毁灭世界的不是恶魔，而是冷眼旁观的看客）。从这位著名的科学界学者口中揭示了当今社会一种非常普遍的心理学效应：旁观者效应。

There is this social psychological phenomenon known as the “Bystander effect". It happens when an individual doesn’t offer any help to a victim on the account of it being other people around. The more people their are, the less likely the individual is to help. All too often we watch others do wrong and do nothing about it. It only takes one person to make that initial stand and others will follow suit if it’s a worthy cause. Don’t be afraid, don’t conform, don’t give in… You can change the world 🌎🌍🌏 #atheist #agnostic #realism #realist #psychology #bystandereffect #evil #justice #peace #strengthinnumbers #facts #beliefs #criticalthinking #reason #enlightenment #humanity #modernity

@man_of_reason94 发的照片 • 2016-01-11，4:59 PST

旁观者效应是自1964年发生震惊美国的基蒂•吉诺维斯事件后，由John Darley及 Bibb Latané提出的概念，是指在遇到危急情况并有其他人在场的时刻，人们通常可能不会主动对受害者伸出援手或作出任何形式的帮助。并且其援助的可能性与在场人数呈反比趋势。也就是说，越多人在现场，施以援助的可能性越低。为什么会这样呢？

Bystander Effect by Zachary H. (Aka me) Long dress and pretty hair, her boyfriend hit her and bruised her skin that used to be soft and fair, yet no one seemed to care, they would only walk by and stare They assume that others will act first, So they all disperse, and choose not to immerse, in helping free the girl from her wretched curse Or they believe that there is no danger, to the stranger, so help isn’t a major need, and walking away seems like a no-brainer But if everyone does the same, nothing will change, we will just hear victims’ names on the news, and those bystanders will refuse to take the blame 《 A poem i wrote about a social psychological phenomenom called the Bystander Effect.》 #poem #poetry #bystander #bystanders #bystandereffect #lyrics #standup #speakup #psychology #saysomething #nosleep

Zachary（@awkward_asshole）发的照片 • 2016-03-19，3:17 PDT

其中一个主要因素还是要归为责任感的扩散。对于这种心理，Darley与Latane对在面对发生紧急事态中的在场群体进行了研究。结果表明在紧急突发事件现场，人们总会把施以援助的责任推卸给他人，甚至假设周围人群中可能有警察医生等相关职业人士而并不需要自己的帮助。他们更怕在场有更有能力的人前去帮助而突显自己的不专业及无能，从而做了无用功。同时也担心自己的帮助会牵涉一系列后续的法律责任或帮了倒忙……

Somebody save him! Lol 😂😂🤓 #bystandereffect #innocentbystander #psychology #psychologymeme #psychologyhumor #savethem #people #instapic #instagram #instadaily #instafunny

Psychology Humor 😂🤓🙇🏻（@psychologyhumor）发的照片 • 2016-01-30，13:11 PST

而针对此类群体效应，美国ABC在黄金时段播出的《What would you do》系列实境秀就对旁观者效应进行了测试，捕捉对不同突发求救场景中路人的反应及行为。其中还安排了面对衣衫褴褛的流浪汉晕倒和衣装讲究的上班族晕倒时，人们对其作出的反应，结果路人的表现反差极大。对于之前北京的事件，人们讨论的更多是女生如何做好自我保护的问题，其实除此之外，我们更应该深刻思考的是怎样才能改善、杜绝这种冷漠的旁观者效应，让受害者不再孤立无援！

责任编辑：唐昀