【新唐人2014年04月07日讯】近年来，对住房公积金的诟病越来越多，“公积金不姓公”、“公积金提取难，增值少”的抱怨声，从百姓到中共“两会”，不绝于耳。民众指责，本来应该用来解决百姓住房难的资金，却成了中共利益集团谋取私利的肥肉，贪污、挪用公积金的黑洞越来越不可控制。专家指出，只要公积金还由中共政府控制，永远不可能实现公积金真正的价值，甚至会使缴纳公积金的民众血本无归。
据国内媒体报导，公积金“沉睡”的现象，越来越受到民众的质疑。2012年，北京、上海1800多亿元，和广州880多亿元的公积金，“沉睡率”在10%-15%之间。随着三地房价不断飙升，老百姓积存起来买房的公积金已经成了杯水车薪。
大陆住房公积金，是单位及在职职工缴存的长期住房储备金，住房公积金制度具有强制性，单位和职工必须依法履行缴存住房公积金的义务。公积金由政府的行政部门——公积金管理中心统一管理。
不过近年来，指责“公积金不姓公”的声音越来越高。今年2月，在广州“两会”上，广州政协委员曹志伟指出，住房公积金成为了“劫贫济富”的工具。他说：公积金甚至不能用于作为治病的救命钱，只有病死了，才可能拿公积金买墓地。
据有关部委公布，截至2008年年末，全国住房公积金缴存余额超过1万2000亿。但是如此巨大的住房公积金资金沉淀，购房者却无法提取自己的公积金，提取公积金需要中介，据报导，取10万公积金需要4300元中介费。
大陆青年作家葛树春：“就是已经形成一个利益链了，就像车管所附近的黄牛，他是跟内部有勾结，所以他才能做黄牛的，这是体制问题，没办法，还是缺监督，给了腐败分子有可乘之机。”
报导说，申请住房公积金贷款，除需要提供个人户籍、婚姻、收入、购房合同、抵押担保等资料外，还必须提供房屋开发商的“五证一书”，在规定时间内拿不到这些证件就会被拒绝。
另外，贷款申请程序也非常复杂，需要接受住房管理中心和银行的双重审查。比到商业银行申办个人住房贷款麻烦得多。
而且手续齐全后，贷款额度也很小，借款人除了要将所购房产用来抵押外，每月还必须缴纳匹配的住房公积金，在贷款未还清之前，这部分钱只能作为贷款质押，不准提取使用，也不能支取还贷。
而公积金的增值收益并不是属于个人缴存者，而是归于公积金管理中心。
葛树春：“我自己去提取过，他要补这个手续，补那个手续，搞得很浪费时间，相当复杂，而且成功率特别低，就找了一个中介，就很简单，只要把身份证和相关手续给他就可以了，一天搞定。”
北京《国情内参》期刊首席研究员巩胜利：“公积金是非常麻烦的一件事情，那些当官的使用起来非常简单，而且某一个人一句话就可以任意使用，如果中国的公积金只是归中国官方管理的话，永远都起不到应该起的作用。”
另一方面，贪污挪用公积金的现象不断发生。截至2000年，六年间，安徽萧县9000多名职工，归集的1500多万住房公积金，本息只剩下170多万元，其他的钱没有了踪影。
２００６年，湖南郴州市住房公积金管理中心原主任李树彪，贪污挪用公款案开庭审理，据检察机关指控，李树彪贪污挪用的公款超过１亿元。
美国“南卡罗莱纳大学艾肯商学院”教授谢田：“中国老百姓买房，实际上没有买到产权，只买到使用权，这一点中共一直在欺骗百姓，公积金实际上是中共利益集团另一种盘剥百姓的一个做法。”
据报导，２００４年重庆市住房公积金高达３５亿元，只有近５亿元用来支付住房按揭款。而西部某市有２亿７000万元住房公积金，其中住房公积金贷款仅占２６00万元，占比不到１０％。
采访编辑/刘惠 后制/李勇
Caution! Housing fund is a blackhole
In recent years, criticism of the housing fund is increasing
including such complaints as:
“public housing fund is not owned by the public”,
“public housing fund is difficult to extract
and has limited upvaluation” from the ordinary people
to those attendees of two major conferences.
The public criticism is that the fund was designed to cope with
the difficulties of affordable houses for ordinary people,
but now the fund has become the butter
of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
used for grabbing private interests.
The black hole of corruption and embezzlement related
to the fund is speeding out of control.
The experts point out, as long as the housing fund is still
controlled by the CCP Authority, then it is forever
impossible to realize the addition of real value.
On the contrary, it is even possible for ordinary people
to lose all the housing fund paid.
According to domestic media reports,
the public increasingly questions the phenomenon
of “hibernated” housing fund.
In 2012, of the 180 billion RMB housing fund
in Beijing and Shanghai, and 88 billion RMB
housing fund in Guangzhou, 10-15% is hibernated.
Along with the ongoing soaring property prices of three cities,
the housing fund deposit for
buying a house becomes a drop in the ocean.
Housing fund in the Mainland is the deposit paid
by the employers and employees, and reserved
for long term housing related expenses.
The housing fund policy is mandatory.
Both employers and employees have the obligation
to pay into the housing fund according to the regulations.
Housing fund is uniformly managed
by Housing Fund Management Centre,
an administrative department of Government.
But in recent years, the voices saying
“Housing fund is not owned by the public” are increasing.
In February, in the Two Major Conference in Guangzhou City,
Cao Zhiwei, the member of Guangzhou Municipal
People’s Political Consultative Conference (PPCC),
says that housing fund has become a tool for
robbing the poor and funding the rich.
He said, housing fund cannot be used
for saving a patient´s life, and can possibly be used
for buying a burial place only after the patient dies.
According to relevant national ministries,
up to the end of 2008, the total housing fund
reached 1200 billion RMB.
Such a massive scale of housing fund has been saved there,
but the house buyers could not
extract their own housing fund.
To access housing fund needs the help of agents.
According to the report, a total agent fee of 4300 RMB
was charged for drawing out 100,000 RMB housing fund.
Mainland youth writer Ge Shuchun:
“an interest chain has been formed,
and this is like the scalper who is active
nearby the vehicle administrative department,
and the scalper is collaborating with the inside staff.
Then he can become a scalper.
This is an institutional problem.
There is no way to solve it.
Because there is no monitoring, this offers
an opportunity for corrupt officials to exploit. ”
It is reported that, in order to apply for a housing fund loan,
it is necessary to provide “five certificates
and one document” of the property developer,
as well as the applicant´s registered residential status,
marriage, income, contract of buying property,
mortgage guarantee etc.
If all of these documents cannot be provided
in a required timeframe,
then the application will be refused.
In addition, loan application procedure is very complicated.
The application has to be reviewed and double checked
by the housing fund management centre and bank.
This is even more complicated than
applying for housing loans from a commercial bank.
Even after all documents are ready, the amount
of a housing loan is very limited.
The borrower has to pay a monthly matched housing fund
in addition to using the bought property as a mortgage.
Prior to the loan being fully paid, the housing fund
paid during the loan period will be only used for mortgage
without a permission for extracting and repaying the loan.
But the added value of housing fund is not owned
by the owner, it is owned
by the housing management centre.
Ge Shuchun: “I did extract my housing fund.
They need this document, that certificate
as well as many formalities.
This is a serious waste of time. It´s fairly complicated.
A successful application is rare.
So I had to look for an agent and then it is simple.
I just need to give the agent’s identity and related documents,
then after one day, I got the money.”
Gong Shengli, a lead researcher of Guo Qing Nei Can Journal
in Beijing, says: “Housing fund is very troublesome.
It is easy for the officials to use the fund,
and even some officials can freely use it at a word.
So if the housing fund is only managed by the government,
then it will never play the role it should play.”
On the other hand, cases of corruption
and embezzlement related to housing fund
happen without cease.
By 2000, within 6 years, 15 million of housing fund paid
by 9000 employees in Xiao County of Anhui Province
was reduced to 1.7 million and
all the rest disappeared without trace.
In 2006, the case of Li Shubiao, the former Director
of Housing Fund Management Centre of
Chenzhou City of Hunan Province, was heard in the court
for embezzlment and corrupt use of public funds.
According to the accusation from the local procuratorate,
the total fund misappropriated by Li Shubiao
was more than 100 million RMB.
Professor Frank Xie of School of Business Administration
of University of South Carolina Aiken:
“When ordinary Chinese people buy properties,
they actually only buy the right to use rather than ownership.
The CCP always cheats the people in this respect.
The housing fund is in fact another act
of exploiting the ordinary people
by CCP interest groups.”
According to report, in 2004, Chongqing city had
3.5 billion RMB housing fund.
But only 500 million RMB was used
for paying housing mortgage loans.
Whereas in one western city, of a total of 270 million RMB
housing fund, only 26 million housing fund was used
for housing fund loan which accounts for
less than 10% of the total fund.
Interview/Liu Hui Post-Production/Li Yong
