【新唐人2013年12月19日讯】“北京大学”经济学教授张维迎，最近被媒体授予“年度最具影响力经济学家奖”。他在获奖感言中说，经济学家须有独立的精神才能真正影响社会，他还说，“计划经济”导致了人类历史上一个巨大的灾难。这篇感言被中共宣传部门封杀。他的微博账号也消失无踪。
“2014年网易经济学家年会”12月16号在北京举行，包括前美联储主席艾伦•格林斯潘、和诺贝尔经济学奖得主托马斯•萨金特，以及来自中国的经济学家茅于轼、张维迎，和企业家宗庆后、任志强、刘永好等60多人，就十八届三中全会后的中国局势进行了交流。
同一天还举行了“年度最具影响力经济学家”颁奖，由“北京大学”经济学教授张维迎获奖。张维迎的获奖感言“经济学家须有真正独立的精神”，目前遭到当局封杀。
18号，张维迎接受《新唐人》采访时重申，经济学家要有自己独立的观点来影响社会，但是坚持独立精神，在中国尤其不容易。
北京大学经济学教授张维迎：“在现实中你会受到各种诱惑。还有可能包括一些政治的问题，所以坚持独立精神来讲，尤其在中国，不是一件很容易的事情。所以这一点要特别的强调一下。我觉得很大一部分在中国还有言论思想的不自由，舆论的控制，好多的观点，人们还是不能够自由的表达。”
张维迎的获奖感言说，在很长一段时间内，世界上有1/3的人选择了一种经济制度，这个经济制度就叫“计划经济”。人们曾经以为“计划经济”可以为他们带来最大的利益，可是现在知道，这是一个非常错误的理念。
张维迎：“那是因为计划经济本身剥夺人的自由，它不尊重人的权利，包括产权，包括人权，它也不能使人的创造力能够发挥出来。所以等于扼杀了人的创造性。而我们人类的进步，我们生活的改善，其实都是依赖于我们人类的创造性。计划经济它把人的创造性，人的主动性，自主性，全部给扼杀掉了。所以它不大可能给人类带来好处。”
在中国，“计划经济”处于长期垄断的地位。张维迎指出，最初“计划经济”是出于一种错误的理念，因为人们追求平等，以为“计划经济”可以解决人的不平等。但事实上，人与人之间，因为“计划经济”，反而更不平等。
张维迎：“这种不平等不是基于市场自由交换造成的。而是基于某一种特权，某一种垄断的权力导致的。那么到后来，一旦这种错误的思想变成一种体制，变成制度之后，那就也会产生既得利益者。那既得利益者他们又积极性维护这种体制。”
张维迎表示，在“计划经济”下生活的人民都很贫困，甚至生灵涂炭。
张维迎：“像中国搞的这个大跃进，还有最后文化大革命，它造成数千万人生命的损失。这当然是人类历史上非常大的灾难。像苏联这种体制也一样，苏联人民长期生活在压抑，不仅没有自由，而且生活在一种食品、用品都高度短缺的情况下。我想相对于自由世界来讲，当然它给人类带来的灾难是很大的。”
张维迎指出，“计划经济”跟专制独裁密不可分。因为当权者实行“计划经济”，一定要剥夺个人的自由。
张维迎：“如果一个社会不剥夺个人的自由的话，那么你是不可能去由政府的命令指挥个人，你让他干什么他就干什么。如果每个人都有自由的话，他总是希望自己做出选择。他可以自由的表达，或自由的选择就业，自由的选择开办工厂、企业。那这个计划经济是不可能存在的。”
上世纪80年代，张维迎在国家体改委“中国经济体制改革研究所”工作。1994年，担任“北京大学”中国经济研究中心副教授，1997年升职为教授。1999年，张维迎担任“北京大学光华管理学院”副院长，2006年升任院长，至2010年卸职。
采访编辑/秦雪 后制/陈建铭
Zhang Weiying was Banned for Criticizing the
Planned Economy after Award
Peking University Economics Professor Zhang Weiying, was
recently awarded, the “most influential economist of the year"
by the media.
In his acceptance speech he said economists must have an
independent spirit, which can really have a social impact.
He also said that a “planned economy" has resulted in a
great disaster for human history.
This speech has been forced-out by the
Chinese Communist Party’s CCPs propaganda department.
His Weibo account has also disappeared.
On the 16th December, the 2014 economists Annual Meeting
from NetEase was held in Beijing.
Former Chairman Alan Greenspan, Nobel laureate Thomas
Sargent, economist Mao Yushi, Zhang Weiying from China, and
entrepreneur Zong Qinghou, Liu Yonghao in total, 60 people
exchanged idea regarding China’s situation after the Third Plenary
Session of the eighth CPC Centre committee.
On the same day, Peking University Economics Professor
Zhang Weiying was awarded the most influential economist
of the year.
Zhang Weiying’s acceptance speech, “economists need real
independent spirit" is currently banned by the authorities.
18, Zhang Weiying reiterated during a New Tang Dynasty TV,
(NTD TV) interview that economists should have their own
views to influence society, but it is especially hard to
insist upon the independent spirit in China.
Peking University Economics professor Zhang Weiying:
there is a variety of temptations in reality
including some political problems.
So I specially stressed that it is not easy to insist
upon having an independent spirit in China.
I think the biggest reason that people can’t express
themselves freely is because of repressed opinion and speech.
In Zhang Weiying’s acceptance speech, he said that a third of
the population in the world is running under a planned economy
system for the long term.
It was once thought that a planned economy can bring the
greatest benefit for people; but it is quite a wrong idea as
we know now.
Zhang Weiying: It is because the planned economy itself
deprives of human freedom.
It does not respect human rights, including property rights and
strangles people’s creativity.
In fact, our human development and life improvement
all rely on creativity.
The planned economy killed off people’s creativity,
people’s initiative and motivation.
So it is unlikely to benefit human beings.
In China, the planned economy has been monopolized
for the long-term.
Zhang Weiying pointed out that the initial planned economy
was born out of a wrong idea that people pursued equality and
believed that planned economy could solve inequality.
But in fact, there is more inequality between people,
because of a planned economy.
Zhang Weiying: Such inequality is not result of a free trading
market, but of privilege and a monopoly on power.
Later, once an erroneous idea becomes a system, it will
generate some vested interests.
So those vested interests will try to maintain such
a system rigorously.
Zhang Weiying said under a planned economy, people are living
below the poverty line and even in great misery.
Zhang Weiying: the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural
Revolution in China resulted in thousands of people,
losing their lives.
For sure, it is a very big disaster in human history.
The same as in the Soviet Union, people lived in a subdued
atmosphere with food and supplies in high shortage
and nothing was free.
It’s a big disaster for humans comparing it to the free world.
Zhang Weiying noted that there is an inextricable connection
between a planned economy and dictatorship because
implementing a planned economy must deprive personal freedom.
Weiying: It’s impossible to direct an individual by government
without depriving his liberty.
People always want to make their own choices freely.
If one is free to express, seek employment, open a factory or
enterprises, the planned economy will not exist.
In the 1980s, Zhang Weiying was working at the Institute of
China Economic System Reforms which belongs to the state
commission for structural reforms.
In 1994, he was the Peking University Associate Professor
of the China Economic Research Center,
in 1997 he was promoted to professor.
In 1999, Zhang Weiying was at the Peking University
Guanghua Management School as vice president and was
promoted to president in 2006 and stepped down in 2010.
Interview & Edit/Qin Xue Post-Production/Chen Jianming
